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Pronunciation of the phonetic symbols [ä] open a as in English can, Portuguese parar [a] open a as in English farther, German Vater, Portuguese arma [e] closed e as in French été, German See, Portuguese mês [æ] open e as in English let, French laid, German wählen, Portuguese perto [ø] closed e with rounded lips as in French feu, German Höhle [ö] open e with rounded lips as in French leur, German Köln [o] closed o as in English November, French beau, German Sohn, Portuguese bolu [å] open o as in English open, French lors, German Sonne, Portuguese fora [i] closed i as in English need, French lit, German Liebe, Portuguese vida [ü] closed i with rounded lips as in French sur, German Bühne [u] closed u as in English soon, French ouvrir, German rufen, Portuguese puro [b] as in English but, French port, German bin, Portuguese paz [d] as in English day, French tout, German denken, Portuguese toque [ð] as in English the, Spanish dado [f] as in English first, French fort, German finden, Portuguese fazer [g] as in English girl, French car, German geben, Portuguese que [h] as in English him, German haben, Brasilian rua [j] as in English yes, French hier, German Jahr [k] aspirated as in English can, German können [l] as in British English like, French loup, German legen, Portuguese luz [m] as in English mother, French mère, German Mutter, Portuguese mãe [n] as in English name, French nom, German Name, Portuguese nome [ñ] as in English sing, German jung, (notice: not like Spanish ñ) [p] aspirated as in English Peter, German Peter [r] as in French rue, North German regen, Brasilian almost as in carro [s] as in English see, French sous, German Wasser, Portuguese saber [sj] [sh] as in English shine, French chez, German schön, Portuguese escuro [t] aspirated as in English two, German Tempo [tj] as in English chair, child [v] as in English very, French vous, German wegen, Portuguese ver [a:] long vowel [a] bold vowel will carry the stress [au] underlined vowels are diphtongs [a'] with glottal stop [äð, ä] = pronunciacion shown in slow speech and in normal speech Abbreviations adj = adjective adv = adverb art = article conj = conjunction prep = preposition pron =pronoun refl. = reflexive refverb = reflexive verb sub = substantive (noun) sub (-en, -er) = n-word, here the definite article adds -en and plural adds -er: bil, bilen, biler verbI = regular verbs group I (see Past Tense) verbII = regular verbs group II (see Past Tense) verb* (gå, gik, gået): irregular verb in Present, Past and Present Perfect tenses * = irregular verb or substantive ÷ = this form does not exist or nothing is added : = long vowel _ under vowels are pronounced as one sound (diftong) or as closely conected sounds bold vowel means stress [-] = separates 2 words or 2 sounds ( ) = can be omitted
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